William Horatio Bates 1885 y\u0131l\u0131nda Newyork Columbia \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p fak\u00fcltesi\u2019nden operat\u00f6r doktor olarak mezun olduktan sonra 1886-1891 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6z \u00fczerinde uzmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tamamlam\u0131\u015f s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir doktor. Mevcut sistemle s\u00fcrekli \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7inde kalm\u0131\u015f, sorgulay\u0131c\u0131 bir bilim adam\u0131.<\/p>\n
Dr. Bates, geleneksel t\u0131bb\u0131n( o zamanlarda modern t\u0131p deniliyormu\u015f) g\u00f6z alan\u0131nda uygulamalar\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a rahats\u0131z olur ve kendi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na y\u00f6nelir. Mesela Akomodasyon(g\u00f6z\u00fcn uzak yak\u0131n uyumu) teorisinin hala ge\u00e7erli olan yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re\u00a0 bak\u0131lan nesneye uyum s\u00fcrecinde lensin esnekli\u011fi ve e\u011frili\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcy\u00fc bozan\u00a0en \u00f6nemli ve hatta tek etkendir<\/strong>. Yani, g\u00f6z k\u00fcresini tutan, kirpik alt\u0131 ya da y\u00fcz kaslar\u0131 gibi di\u011fer kas gruplar\u0131 dikkate bile al\u0131nmaz. Hastalar\u0131n yak\u0131n ve uzak nesneler aras\u0131nda gidi\u015f geli\u015flerinin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri bir miktar iyile\u015ftirebiliyor olmas\u0131 kafas\u0131n\u0131 daha da kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r Dr. Bates\u2019in. Uzak yak\u0131n nesnelere bak\u0131p onlar\u0131 rahatl\u0131kla se\u00e7ebiliyor olmalar\u0131 akomodasyon teorisini \u00e7\u00f6kertir.<\/p>\n Bir nesneye bakarken olu\u015fan uyum veya intibak diyebilece\u011fimiz akomodasyon teorisinin yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 oldu\u011funa \u015fiddetle inanan Bates, re\u00e7ete edilen g\u00f6zl\u00fcklerin de bu yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc fark eder. Mademki bu g\u00f6zl\u00fcklerin lensleri do\u011fru \u015fekilde re\u00e7ete ediliyor, nas\u0131l oluyor da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f daha da bozulmaya devam ediyor ve hastaya bir s\u00fcre sonra bu g\u00f6zl\u00fckler yetmiyor diye kafa yormaya ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n Bates Columbia \u00fcniversitesindeki b\u00f6l\u00fcm ba\u015fkan\u0131yla \u015fiddetli tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n i\u00e7ine girer ve kendi yolunu \u00e7izmek \u00fczere okuldaki g\u00f6revini terk eder. Binlerce g\u00f6z \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakla kalmaz, hayvanlar\u0131n da g\u00f6zlerini yak\u0131ndan inceler. Tek g\u00fcvendi\u011fi alet o y\u0131llarda kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flayan Retinoskoptur. Ancak retinoskopun do\u011fru bir veri elde edebilmesi i\u00e7in g\u00f6zlerin sabit kalmas\u0131 gereklidir: \u201cileri bak\u0131n l\u00fctfen\u201d. Oysa insan g\u00f6z\u00fc her yere bakmak \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1920 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde Bates\u2019in yak\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ya\u015f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 bozulmaya ba\u015flar. Bates g\u00f6z kaslar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran baz\u0131 egzersizler yaparak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc geri kazan\u0131r. B\u00f6ylelikle presbiyopi, yani ya\u015fla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yak\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f sorunun da bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc oldu\u011funu bulur.<\/p>\n Bates, g\u00f6rmenin \u00f6\u011frenildi\u011fini iyi bilen doktorlardan oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in geleneksel t\u0131pla \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015far. Do\u011fdu\u011fumuz anda net g\u00f6remedi\u011fimizi, zamanla g\u00f6z k\u00fcresinin(sklera) bombelenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6rme sistemininse en az 2 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde tam anlam\u0131yla yerine oturdu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek g\u00f6rmenin yeniden \u00f6\u011frenilebilece\u011fi teziyle art\u0131k bir \u015feyleri d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in harekete ge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n Bates Y\u00f6ntemi<\/strong><\/p>\n Bates, kendisine yalan s\u00f6yleyen bir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131zdan hareketle ge\u00e7ici miyopla ilgili bir makale yay\u0131nlar. Tedirgin, kuruntulu ruh haline sahip insanlar\u0131n uzak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin bozuldu\u011funu fark etmi\u015ftir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc. Bates as\u0131l darbeyi t\u00fcm yarg\u0131lara bu noktada vurur.\u00a0Bates\u2019e g\u00f6re g\u00f6z k\u00fcresi s\u00fcrekli ayn\u0131 \u015fekli korumaz.<\/strong>\u00a0Baz\u0131 durumsal gerginliklerin k\u00fcreyi gerdi\u011fi, sakinlikle beraber rahatlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrer. Zihin k\u00f6rle\u015febilir ya da tembelle\u015febilir mi diye sorgular.\u00a0 D\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyada olup, bitenler g\u00f6zlerin onar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir ya da g\u00f6zlerde gerginlik, kuruluk ya da ya\u015farma gibi sorunlar yaratabilir mi? Zihinsel gerginlikler g\u00f6rmeyi nas\u0131l etkiler?<\/p>\n Bates, art\u0131k insanlara yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilmek i\u00e7in Bates Y\u00f6ntemi ad\u0131yla \u00fc\u00e7 ana alana y\u00f6nelen bir egzersizler sistemi geli\u015ftirir:<\/p>\n Bates, Newyork\u2019taki ihtisas hastanesinde di\u011fer hekimleri de etkilemeye ba\u015flar k\u0131sa zamanda. \u00d6yle ki hem doktorlar kendi g\u00f6zl\u00fcklerini \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131rlar, hem de hastalar\u0131n\u0131 tedavi etmeye ba\u015flarlar. Enstit\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan Dr. Rossa zaten kabullenmedi\u011fi uygulamalar\u0131 sonland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in 1891 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bates\u2019in i\u015fine son verir.<\/p>\n 1910 y\u0131l\u0131nda Newyork\u2019a geri d\u00f6ner. Harlem hastanesinde doktorluk yapmaya devam eder. K\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra\u00a0Newyork\u2019taki baz\u0131 devlet okullar\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frencilere Bates metodu miyoptan korunmalar\u0131 amac\u0131yla \u00f6\u011fretilmeye ba\u015flar.<\/strong>\u00a0Bates metodunun yay\u0131lmas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck eme\u011fi ge\u00e7en ve 1928 y\u0131l\u0131nda evlendindi\u011fi Emily Lierman ile ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n alt\u0131na imza atar. Birlikte \u00fccretsizz klinik g\u00fcnleri d\u00fczenleyerek pek \u00e7ok hastay\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131na kavu\u015ftururlar.<\/p>\n Bates 1886-1923 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011fu Newyork Medical Journal\u2019da olmak \u00fczere 30 t\u0131bbi makale yay\u0131nlar. Bunlar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 daha sonra yeniden derleyip yeniden bas\u0131m ad\u0131yla k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kitap yay\u0131nlar. \u0130lk kitab\u0131 1891\u2019de miyoptan kurtulmakla ilgili olan Bates 1918\u2019de g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin kornea, iris, lens ve skleradaki yans\u0131lamalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ikinci bir kitap daha yay\u0131nlar. 1919 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00f6rmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan hat\u0131ralar yay\u0131nlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n 1919\u2019da\u00a0daha iyi bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f konulu bir ayl\u0131k dergi<\/strong>(better eyesight maganize<\/em>)yay\u0131n tam 11 y\u0131l s\u00fcrer. 1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise g\u00f6zl\u00fcks\u00fcz m\u00fckemmel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f kitab\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlar. 1931 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fanan kolera salg\u0131n\u0131nda ya\u015fama veda eder. Emily ise plar\u0131n\u0131n ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam eder.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Doktor Bates, yak\u0131n ve uzak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f sorunlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, katarakt, astigmat, g\u00f6z kaymalar\u0131, g\u00f6z tembelli\u011fi, hatta g\u00f6z tansiyonu ve k\u00f6rl\u00fck(yanl\u0131\u015f okumad\u0131n\u0131z) gibi pek \u00e7ok rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 iyile\u015ftirecek bir y\u00f6ntem geli\u015ftirmi\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in optik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn de bask\u0131s\u0131yla\u00a0meslekten ihra\u00e7 edilmek i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerden<\/strong>. Sekt\u00f6r bunu ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Bates inatla Harlem\u2019deki \u00f6zel klini\u011finde hastalara bakmakta inat eder.<\/p>\n Bates\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse t\u00fcm\u00fc piyasadan, k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerden toplat\u0131l\u0131p ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Ula\u015f\u0131lamayanlar ise \u00e7ok uzun y\u0131llar sadece baz\u0131 ki\u015filerin ar\u015fivinde duruyor.<\/p>\n Neden haberimiz yok sorusunun galiba cevab\u0131 da buralarda yat\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc y\u00f6ntem basit ve tam anlam\u0131yla bir \u2018kendi ba\u015f\u0131na yap\u2019 tekni\u011fi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu i\u015ften para kazanmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan meslek gruplar\u0131 i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a tehlikeli.<\/p>\n Doktor Bates 1927 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan daha iyi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f(Better eyesight) kitab\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fckemmel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 \u015feye dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n Bunun i\u00e7in de \u00fc\u00e7 \u015feyin al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemine dikkat \u00e7ekiyor:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n BU MEKTUBU D\u0130KKATLE OKUYUN:<\/strong><\/p>\n Sevgili Doktor Bates,<\/em><\/p>\n 12 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00f6\u011frencim sevgili Edith Collins\u2019in sokakta ya\u015fayan bir k\u00f6r adam i\u00e7in yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 size yazmaktan kendimi alamad\u0131m.<\/em><\/p>\n Adam\u0131n g\u00f6zleri olduk\u00e7a \u00e7ukurdu. Edith adama avu\u00e7lama yapmas\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcne\u015flenme tekni\u011fini \u00f6\u011fretti. Adam\u0131 barakas\u0131nda haftada iki kez ziyaret etti. Adam bu ziyaretlerde \u00e7o\u011funlukla hasta ve yatar haldeydi ancak yine de g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlerine ald\u0131.<\/em><\/p>\n Yava\u015f yava\u015f g\u00f6zleri \u00f6ne do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130nan\u00e7la avu\u00e7lama tekni\u011fini yap\u0131p, kendisine verdi\u011fimiz tablonun \u00f6n\u00fcnde sallan\u0131yordu. Edith\u2019in de kendisini ziyaret etti\u011fi bir g\u00fcnde bir hem\u015fire t\u00fcm bunlar\u0131n sa\u00e7mal\u0131k oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. Edith, hem\u015fireye bunlar\u0131n birer z\u0131rva olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, 2-3 ay sonra yeniden gelip de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi g\u00f6rmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/em><\/p>\n Temmuz ay\u0131 gibi bana anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olduk\u00e7a d\u00fczelmi\u015f olan k\u00f6r adam birka\u00e7 ay i\u00e7inde b\u00fcy\u00fck yaz\u0131lar\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n hemen alt\u0131ndaki baz\u0131 kelimeleri se\u00e7ebilir hale geldi. Bu ki\u015fi Edith\u2019in \u0131srarl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sayesinde art\u0131k ba\u015fka bir \u015fehir i\u015f sahibi. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131z\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir \u015feyi yapabiliyor olmas\u0131 sizce de m\u00fcthi\u015f bir \u015fey de\u011fil mi? Bence \u00f6yle oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in size hemen yazmak istedim.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n Mektup 1921 tarihli Better Eyesight Magazine\u2019de yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n Doktor Bates\u2019in y\u00fcz y\u0131l \u00f6nce sordu\u011fu soruyu siz de kendinize sorun: Neden? Dr. William Horatio Bates (1860-1931) William Horatio Bates 1885 y\u0131l\u0131nda Newyork Columbia \u00dcniversitesi T\u0131p fak\u00fcltesi\u2019nden operat\u00f6r doktor olarak mezun olduktan sonra 1886-1891 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda g\u00f6z \u00fczerinde uzmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tamamlam\u0131\u015f s\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 bir doktor. Mevcut sistemle s\u00fcrekli \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7inde kalm\u0131\u015f, sorgulay\u0131c\u0131 bir bilim adam\u0131. Dr. Bates, geleneksel t\u0131bb\u0131n( o zamanlarda modern t\u0131p deniliyormu\u015f) g\u00f6z alan\u0131nda uygulamalar\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a rahats\u0131z olur ve kendi ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131na y\u00f6nelir. Mesela Akomodasyon(g\u00f6z\u00fcn uzak yak\u0131n uyumu) teorisinin hala ge\u00e7erli olan yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re\u00a0 bak\u0131lan nesneye uyum s\u00fcrecinde lensin esnekli\u011fi ve e\u011frili\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcy\u00fc bozan\u00a0en \u00f6nemli ve hatta tek etkendir. Yani, g\u00f6z k\u00fcresini tutan, kirpik alt\u0131 ya da y\u00fcz kaslar\u0131 gibi di\u011fer kas gruplar\u0131 dikkate bile al\u0131nmaz. Hastalar\u0131n yak\u0131n ve uzak nesneler aras\u0131nda gidi\u015f geli\u015flerinin g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri bir miktar iyile\u015ftirebiliyor olmas\u0131 kafas\u0131n\u0131 daha da kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r Dr. Bates\u2019in. Uzak yak\u0131n nesnelere bak\u0131p onlar\u0131 rahatl\u0131kla se\u00e7ebiliyor olmalar\u0131 akomodasyon teorisini \u00e7\u00f6kertir. Bir nesneye bakarken olu\u015fan uyum veya intibak diyebilece\u011fimiz akomodasyon teorisinin yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 oldu\u011funa \u015fiddetle inanan Bates, re\u00e7ete edilen g\u00f6zl\u00fcklerin de bu yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc fark eder. Mademki bu g\u00f6zl\u00fcklerin lensleri do\u011fru \u015fekilde re\u00e7ete ediliyor, nas\u0131l oluyor da g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f daha da bozulmaya devam ediyor ve hastaya bir s\u00fcre sonra bu g\u00f6zl\u00fckler yetmiyor diye kafa yormaya ba\u015flar. Bates Columbia \u00fcniversitesindeki b\u00f6l\u00fcm ba\u015fkan\u0131yla \u015fiddetli tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n i\u00e7ine girer ve kendi yolunu \u00e7izmek \u00fczere okuldaki g\u00f6revini terk eder. Binlerce g\u00f6z \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmakla kalmaz, hayvanlar\u0131n da g\u00f6zlerini yak\u0131ndan inceler. Tek g\u00fcvendi\u011fi alet o y\u0131llarda kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flayan Retinoskoptur. Ancak retinoskopun do\u011fru bir veri elde edebilmesi i\u00e7in g\u00f6zlerin sabit kalmas\u0131 gereklidir: \u201cileri bak\u0131n l\u00fctfen\u201d. Oysa insan g\u00f6z\u00fc her yere bakmak \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1920 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde Bates\u2019in yak\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc ya\u015f\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 bozulmaya ba\u015flar. Bates g\u00f6z kaslar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran baz\u0131 egzersizler yaparak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc geri kazan\u0131r. B\u00f6ylelikle presbiyopi, yani ya\u015fla ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan yak\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f sorunun da bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc oldu\u011funu bulur. Bates, g\u00f6rmenin \u00f6\u011frenildi\u011fini iyi bilen doktorlardan oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in geleneksel t\u0131pla \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015far. Do\u011fdu\u011fumuz anda net g\u00f6remedi\u011fimizi, zamanla g\u00f6z k\u00fcresinin(sklera) bombelenmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6rme sistemininse en az 2 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde tam anlam\u0131yla yerine oturdu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek g\u00f6rmenin yeniden \u00f6\u011frenilebilece\u011fi teziyle art\u0131k bir \u015feyleri d\u00fczeltmek i\u00e7in harekete ge\u00e7er. Bates Y\u00f6ntemi Bates, kendisine yalan s\u00f6yleyen bir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck k\u0131zdan hareketle ge\u00e7ici miyopla ilgili bir makale yay\u0131nlar. Tedirgin, kuruntulu ruh haline sahip insanlar\u0131n uzak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin bozuldu\u011funu fark etmi\u015ftir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc. Bates as\u0131l darbeyi t\u00fcm yarg\u0131lara bu noktada vurur.\u00a0Bates\u2019e g\u00f6re g\u00f6z k\u00fcresi s\u00fcrekli ayn\u0131 \u015fekli korumaz.\u00a0Baz\u0131 durumsal gerginliklerin k\u00fcreyi gerdi\u011fi, sakinlikle beraber rahatlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrer. Zihin k\u00f6rle\u015febilir ya da tembelle\u015febilir mi diye sorgular.\u00a0 D\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnyada olup, bitenler g\u00f6zlerin onar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir ya da g\u00f6zlerde gerginlik, kuruluk ya da ya\u015farma gibi sorunlar yaratabilir mi? Zihinsel gerginlikler g\u00f6rmeyi nas\u0131l etkiler? Bates, art\u0131k insanlara yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilmek i\u00e7in Bates Y\u00f6ntemi ad\u0131yla \u00fc\u00e7 ana alana y\u00f6nelen bir egzersizler sistemi geli\u015ftirir: Zihinsel zorluklar K\u00f6t\u00fc g\u00f6rme al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131 G\u00f6zl\u00fck kullanmak Bates, Newyork\u2019taki ihtisas hastanesinde di\u011fer hekimleri de etkilemeye ba\u015flar k\u0131sa zamanda. \u00d6yle ki hem doktorlar kendi g\u00f6zl\u00fcklerini \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131rlar, hem de hastalar\u0131n\u0131 tedavi etmeye ba\u015flarlar. Enstit\u00fcn\u00fcn ba\u015fkan\u0131 olan Dr. Rossa zaten kabullenmedi\u011fi uygulamalar\u0131 sonland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in 1891 y\u0131l\u0131nda Bates\u2019in i\u015fine son verir. Y\u0131l 1896 oldu\u011funda Bates \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ba\u015fka hastaneden istifas\u0131n\u0131 vererek ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Art\u0131k amac\u0131 daha deneysel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara imza atmakt\u0131r. 1902 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kuzey Dakota\u2019da ilkokul \u00f6\u011frencilerine miyoptan kurtaracak egzersizleri \u00f6\u011freterek pek \u00e7ok ba\u015far\u0131yla imza atar. 1910 y\u0131l\u0131nda Newyork\u2019a geri d\u00f6ner. Harlem hastanesinde doktorluk yapmaya devam eder. K\u0131sa s\u00fcre sonra\u00a0Newyork\u2019taki baz\u0131 devlet okullar\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frencilere Bates metodu miyoptan korunmalar\u0131 amac\u0131yla \u00f6\u011fretilmeye ba\u015flar.\u00a0Bates metodunun yay\u0131lmas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck eme\u011fi ge\u00e7en ve 1928 y\u0131l\u0131nda evlendindi\u011fi Emily Lierman ile ortak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n alt\u0131na imza atar. Birlikte \u00fccretsizz klinik g\u00fcnleri d\u00fczenleyerek pek \u00e7ok hastay\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131na kavu\u015ftururlar. Bates 1886-1923 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7o\u011fu Newyork Medical Journal\u2019da olmak \u00fczere 30 t\u0131bbi makale yay\u0131nlar. Bunlar\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 daha sonra yeniden derleyip yeniden bas\u0131m ad\u0131yla k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir kitap yay\u0131nlar. \u0130lk kitab\u0131 1891\u2019de miyoptan kurtulmakla ilgili olan Bates 1918\u2019de g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin kornea, iris, lens ve skleradaki yans\u0131lamalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ikinci bir kitap daha yay\u0131nlar. 1919 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00f6rmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan hat\u0131ralar yay\u0131nlan\u0131r. 1919\u2019da\u00a0daha iyi bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f konulu bir ayl\u0131k dergi(better eyesight maganize)yay\u0131n tam 11 y\u0131l s\u00fcrer. 1920 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise g\u00f6zl\u00fcks\u00fcz m\u00fckemmel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f kitab\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlar. 1931 y\u0131l\u0131nda ya\u015fanan kolera salg\u0131n\u0131nda ya\u015fama veda eder. Emily ise plar\u0131n\u0131n ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya devam eder. Doktor Bates, yak\u0131n ve uzak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f sorunlar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, katarakt, astigmat, g\u00f6z kaymalar\u0131, g\u00f6z tembelli\u011fi, hatta g\u00f6z tansiyonu ve k\u00f6rl\u00fck(yanl\u0131\u015f okumad\u0131n\u0131z) gibi pek \u00e7ok rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 iyile\u015ftirecek bir y\u00f6ntem geli\u015ftirmi\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in optik sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn de bask\u0131s\u0131yla\u00a0meslekten ihra\u00e7 edilmek i\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerden. Sekt\u00f6r bunu ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen Bates inatla Harlem\u2019deki \u00f6zel klini\u011finde hastalara bakmakta inat eder. Bates\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden sonra yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse t\u00fcm\u00fc piyasadan, k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerden toplat\u0131l\u0131p ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f. Ula\u015f\u0131lamayanlar ise \u00e7ok uzun y\u0131llar sadece baz\u0131 ki\u015filerin ar\u015fivinde duruyor. Neden haberimiz yok sorusunun galiba cevab\u0131 da buralarda yat\u0131yor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc y\u00f6ntem basit ve tam anlam\u0131yla bir \u2018kendi ba\u015f\u0131na yap\u2019 tekni\u011fi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu i\u015ften para kazanmay\u0131 ama\u00e7layan meslek gruplar\u0131 i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a tehlikeli. Doktor Bates 1927 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131kan daha iyi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f(Better eyesight) kitab\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fckemmel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 \u015feye dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Pek \u00e7ok k\u00f6r insan iyile\u015ftirilebilir G\u00f6rme kusurlar\u0131 i\u015flevlerle ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r bu y\u00fczden d\u00fczeltilebilir Baz\u0131 \u015fekil bozukluklar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan g\u00f6rme kusurlar\u0131 vard\u0131r Bunun i\u00e7in de \u00fc\u00e7 \u015feyin al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemine dikkat \u00e7ekiyor: S\u0131k s\u0131k g\u00f6zlerinizi k\u0131rp\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n S\u00fcrekli bir \u015feyden bir ba\u015fka \u015feye bak\u0131n. Bir yere sabitlenmeyin Bir yolda y\u00fcr\u00fcrken yerin size do\u011fru geldi\u011fini hayal edin, etraf\u0131n\u0131zdan objelerin akt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark edin. BU MEKTUBU D\u0130KKATLE OKUYUN: Sevgili Doktor Bates, 12 ya\u015f\u0131ndaki \u00f6\u011frencim sevgili Edith Collins\u2019in sokakta ya\u015fayan bir k\u00f6r adam i\u00e7in yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 size yazmaktan kendimi alamad\u0131m. Adam\u0131n g\u00f6zleri olduk\u00e7a \u00e7ukurdu. Edith adama avu\u00e7lama yapmas\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcne\u015flenme tekni\u011fini \u00f6\u011fretti. Adam\u0131 barakas\u0131nda haftada iki kez ziyaret etti. Adam bu ziyaretlerde \u00e7o\u011funlukla hasta ve yatar haldeydi ancak yine de g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlerine ald\u0131. Yava\u015f yava\u015f g\u00f6zleri \u00f6ne do\u011fru \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130nan\u00e7la avu\u00e7lama tekni\u011fini yap\u0131p, kendisine verdi\u011fimiz tablonun \u00f6n\u00fcnde sallan\u0131yordu. Edith\u2019in de kendisini ziyaret etti\u011fi bir g\u00fcnde bir hem\u015fire t\u00fcm bunlar\u0131n sa\u00e7mal\u0131k oldu\u011funu s\u00f6ylemi\u015fti. Edith, hem\u015fireye bunlar\u0131n birer z\u0131rva olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, 2-3 ay sonra yeniden gelip de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi g\u00f6rmesi gerekti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Temmuz ay\u0131 gibi bana anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc olduk\u00e7a d\u00fczelmi\u015f olan k\u00f6r adam birka\u00e7 ay i\u00e7inde b\u00fcy\u00fck yaz\u0131lar\u0131 ve onlar\u0131n hemen alt\u0131ndaki baz\u0131 kelimeleri se\u00e7ebilir hale geldi. Bu ki\u015fi Edith\u2019in \u0131srarl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sayesinde art\u0131k ba\u015fka bir \u015fehir i\u015f sahibi. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131z\u0131n b\u00f6yle bir \u015feyi yapabiliyor olmas\u0131 sizce de m\u00fcthi\u015f bir \u015fey de\u011fil mi? Bence \u00f6yle oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in size hemen yazmak istedim.\u00a0 Mektup 1921 tarihli Better Eyesight Magazine\u2019de yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Doktor Bates\u2019in y\u00fcz y\u0131l \u00f6nce sordu\u011fu soruyu siz de kendinize sorun: Neden? \u201cNeden do\u011fru g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f lenslere ra\u011fmen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerimiz bozulmaya devam ediyor? \u0130lac\u0131n dozu yeterliyse, kal\u0131c\u0131 iyile\u015fme i\u00e7in artt\u0131rmak m\u0131, azaltmak m\u0131 gerekir?\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-149","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyefitturkey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/149","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyefitturkey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyefitturkey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyefitturkey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eyefitturkey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=149"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/eyefitturkey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/149\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":253,"href":"https:\/\/eyefitturkey.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/149\/revisions\/253"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eyefitturkey.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=149"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}\n
\n<\/strong>Y\u0131l 1896 oldu\u011funda Bates \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir ba\u015fka hastaneden istifas\u0131n\u0131 vererek ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Art\u0131k amac\u0131 daha deneysel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara imza atmakt\u0131r. 1902 y\u0131l\u0131nda Kuzey Dakota\u2019da ilkokul \u00f6\u011frencilerine miyoptan kurtaracak egzersizleri \u00f6\u011freterek pek \u00e7ok ba\u015far\u0131yla imza atar.<\/p>\n\n
\n
\n\u201cNeden do\u011fru g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f i\u00e7in d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f lenslere ra\u011fmen g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerimiz bozulmaya devam ediyor?
\n\u0130lac\u0131n dozu yeterliyse, kal\u0131c\u0131 iyile\u015fme i\u00e7in artt\u0131rmak m\u0131, azaltmak m\u0131 gerekir?\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"